In AP TET, Environmental Studies is a compulsory subject in Paper-1, which includes Science and Social Studies for teaching in primary schools.
Paper-1: AP TET ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES SYLLABUS (30 Marks)
Content (12 Marks)
(i) SCIENCE
1. LIVING WORLD
Living and non-living things – Characteristics of living organisms
Plants -Types of plants- Herb, shrub, Tree, basing on habitat – Terrestrial, Aquatic, Desert etc, plant parts -functions
Animals
Animals around us
Oviparous, viviparous; herbivore, carnivore, omnivore; shelters of different animals, Birds – beaks, Domestic animals, Wild animals, Types of animals basing on habitat, herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, Animals sounds, Movements in animals, Different types of habitat and adaptation, Homes of animals, Nests of birds.
Human beings – Body parts, Healthy body – good habits, Sense organs and their care, concern for differently abled persons, Good touch and Bad touch, Skeletal parts – Bones, Joints, Cartilage; muscles, Safety measures at home, school safety, Road safety, water hazards, First-aid.
Food – Food, Need of food, Sources of food – plants, animals, Types of food, Cooked and raw foods, Utensils, Mid-day meal, Methods of preparing food, Food wastage, Preservation of food, Good food habits, Our food, Components of food, Balanced diet, Junk food, Deficiency diseases
Agricultural Practices, Tools used in agriculture, Methods of agriculture, Storage of food, Food from Animals, Food for birds and animals.
Family – Role of family members, Family Tree, Types of family, Changing family structure, Family Budget, Shelter for all, Different types of houses, Home appliances, Migration Reasons, Effects, Slums, Homeless people.
Cell – The basic unit of life, Types of cells, Cell structure and function.
Microorganisms – Introduction to microorganisms – types, Useful Microorganisms, Harmful microorganism.
Games and recreation- indoor, outdoor, local games, uses, materials used and the rules.
2. LIFE PROCESSES
Nutrition – Nutrition in plants – Autotrophic, Parasitic, saprophytic, Insectivorous, Different ways of taking food, Digestion in humans, Digestion in grass eating animals, feeding and digestion in amoeba.
Respiration – Types of respiration, Respiration in animals, Respiration in plants, Circulation – Circulatory system in human being -Transport of substances in plants. Excretion in animals, Coordination- Nervous system,
Reproduction – Modes of reproduction – sexual, asexual and vegetative, Seed dispersal, Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in Animals, Adolescence and puberty – changes, role of hormones, Reproductive phase, Sex determination, Hormones other than sex hormones, Metamorphosis, Reproductive health
3. NATURAL PHENOMENA OBJECTS AND MATERIALS
Objects around us – Properties of materials – classification of materials, Properties and uses of Metals and Non-metals, Reactivity order of metals, Methods of separation-Saturated and unsaturated solutions. Acids, bases and salts, indicators, Neutralization, Physical and chemical changes, Rusting of Iron, Galvanization, Crystallization,
MEASUREMENT OF DISTANCES MOTION Measurement of distances, Standard units and non-standard units of measurements, Motion and rest, Types of motion, Motion and time – speed, average speed, Uniform and non-uniform motions, Measurement of time, Time period, Units of time and speed, Measuring speed, Distance-time graph,
LIGHT Light, shadows, and reflections, Transparent, opaque and translucent objects, pin hole camera, mirrors and reflection, Regular and Diffused Reflection, multiple images, kaleidoscope, periscope, Characteristics of images formed by mirrors, Spherical mirrors and images, Lenses and images, Sunlight – dispersion, Human Eye, Care of the Eyes, Braille System, Visually Impaired Persons
ELECTRICITY Simple electric circuit and its components, Symbols of electric components, Electric conductors and insulators, Heating effects of electric current, CFL, LED, Fuse and MCB, Magnetic effects of electric current, Electromagnet, Electric bell, Chemical Effects Of Electric Current, Good/Poor Conducting Liquids, Electroplating.
MAGNETISM Magnets – Discovery of magnets, Magnetic and non magnetic substances, Types of magnets, Properties of magnets, Magnetic compass, Storing of magnets.
HEAT Heat – temperature, measuring temperature, Units of temperature, Types of Thermometers, Transfer of heat – conduction, convection, radiation.
FORCE, FRICTION AND PRESSURE Force – push or pull, Exploring forces, net force, Effect of force on objects, Contact and non contact forces, Pressure, Fluid pressure, Atmospheric pressure, Friction, Factors effecting friction, Friction: A necessary evil, Increasing and reducing friction, Types of friction.
COMBUSTION AND FUELS Exhaustible and inexhaustible resources, Fuels – Types, Coal, Uses of Coal and Coal products, Refining of petroleum, Petrochemical products in various sectors, Various Constituents of Petroleum and their Uses, Formation of coal and petroleum, Natural Gas, Misuse of Energy resources and Consequences. Combustion, Types of Combustion, Ignition temperature, Inflammable substances, Flame, Fuel Efficiency, Burning of Fuels Leads to Harmful Products, Fire control, Structure of flame – colour zones – Intensities.
SOUND Sound a form of energy, Production of sound, Some musical instruments, Propagation of sound, Human ear, Hearing Impairment, Noise and Music, Types of waves (longitudinal and transverse), Characteristics of sound waves (Wavelength, Frequency, Time period, Speed of the wave), Pitch, Loudness and Quality, Audible and Inaudible sounds, Noise pollution.
SOME NATURAL PHENOMENA The Story of Lightning, Charging by Rubbing, Electric charge and properties of electric charge, Types of charges and their interactions, Transfer of charge, lightning, lightning safety, lightning conductors, Earthquake, Tsunami, Causes and effects, Protective measures.
4. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION
Transportation – Story of transport-Objects-signs and signboards used for transport- Places associated with transport- Modes of travel in the present and in the past- Methods of transport in different topographical conditions (Transport in hilly areas, Forest, Deserts, Snowy areas, Rivers & Canals)- Need for an international transport-Import and export of the goods- different means of transport of goods- Importance of tourism and seven wonders of the world.
Communication – Means and objects of Communication-Types of Communication both in Human and Animals (different feelings and gestures) Modern forms of communication- Communication used in the past and present- Advantage of Mass Communication- Communication through Postcard, Cell Phone, E-Mail, News Paper, Radio, TV, and Social Media etc., How communication and transport brings the entire world together.
5. PROFESSIONS AND SERVICES
House hold materials with reference to profession (farmer, cobbler, tailor etc)-Different professions and their need to the society- villager/farmer (seeds/manure/agri methods etc.,) , helping agents (bank, e- seva, PHC, panchayat office, post office/etc.,) Governance and Services – Local Self Govt, State, Central Govt, Judiciary.
6. OUR ENVIRONMENT
Climate -Climate change, Weather-Climate-rain-floods- Cyclones- disaster management, Global environmental issues – Greenhouse effect, Global warming, Acid rains. Ecofriendly activities, Say no to plastic.
Air – Presence of air, Components of air, Properties of air, Availability of oxygen to animals and plants, Replacement of oxygen in the atmosphere, uses of air, Nitrogen cycle, Air pollution -causes, effects and prevention.
Water – Forms of water, Use of water, source, scarcity, protected water, wastage of water, Water resources, Tank pollution, safe drinking water, tank management, journey of rain drop Water cycle, water magic, water properties, Water resources, major rivers in AP, fisherman, water transport, tragedy of rivers, drought and floods, water pollutions – Causes, effects and prevention. Sewage, Treatment of polluted water, Better housekeeping practices, Sanitation and Disease, Alternative arrangement for sewage disposal.
Biodiversity – Forests, Flora, fauna, interrelation of organisms, Green world, Advantages of forests, Deforestation effects, Chipko movement, Conservation of forest and wildlife Protecting areas, endangered and endemic species.
Methodology (3 Marks)
Histroy, Nature and Definitions of Science
Aims, values and instructional objectives of teaching Science
Methods of Teaching & Remedial measures in Science
Instructional Material, TLM and Resource Utilization in Science
Curriculum, Text Book & Instructional Planning.
Assessment – Evaluation and Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation, Assessment analysis feedback
(ii) SOCIAL STUDIES
Content (12 Marks)
1. OUR UNIVERSE
The shape of the Earth, The Universe- Origin, solar System, Our Earth in the Solar System Celestial bodies, Constellations, Realms of the Earth- Latitudes and Longitudes -Movements of Earth – Solar System- Globe-Model of Earth – Axis of Earth, Equinox – Eclipses.
Maps – Directions, Scale, Symbols, Patterns, Types, where are We-Village, Mandal, District, country maps.
The Earth-Environment-Components, Interior of the Earth, Atmosphere, Biosphere, Pollution, Disasters.
Land Forms – Major Land Forms in AP, Podu cultivation, Diversity in Lifestyles.
Forests-Climatic Regions – Types of Forests, Forests in AP, Uses- Deforestation, Conservation of Forests.
Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.
2. PRODUCTION EXCHANGE AND LIVELIHOODS
Types of Minerals, Resources Types, Conservation, Mineral and Power Resources Distribution, Conservation Power Resources: Conventional, Non-Conventional.
Human Resources- Distribution of Population, Density of Population, Population Change, population composition.
Agriculture Types of farming, Major crops; industries- Classification and Distribution.
Manufacturing industries environmental degradation, control of environmental degradation. Industrial pollution
Public facilities, Water as a part of fundamental Right to Life- Govt. Role.
Markets Around Us- Types of Markets- Consumer Protection.
Transport system, International Transport, Exports and Imports, Global Village, Road ways, My bicycle, Vehicles other than Transport, Transport in Hill areas, Forests, deserts, snowy areas, rivers and canals, Road Safety, Traffic symbols, Road safety measures, pedestrian safety, safe cycling, safety travelling. Lifelines of national economy. Major sea ports-international trade, tourism as a trade.
Development
Money and credit
Globalization and Indian economy
Consumer rights.
3. POLITICAL SYSTEMS AND GOVERNANCE
Early Life to Settled life- Early people, Nomadic life, Belum caves, Rock paintings, Growing plants, Rearing animals, Towards a settled life, Emergence of Kingdoms and Republics, Mahajanapadas, Magadha, Vaggi Kingdoms and Empires- Mauryan, Guptas, Satavahanas, Pallava, Chalukya Dynasties.
Delhi Sultanate, Kakatiyas, Vijayanagara Empire, Mughals, Contemporary Kingdoms.
Governments – Types, Monarchy, Democracy, Different levels, Local and Self Government, State and Central Governments; Parliament and the making of laws. The role of the Parliament, Who are the people in the parliament?; State Government – Legislature, Executive, Judiciary- Role, Independent Judiciary, Structure of Courts in India, Different Branches of the legal system- Law and Social Justice – Bhopal gas Tragedy, Enforcement of Safety Laws, New laws to protect the Environment.
The Indian Constitution, key features
Understanding Secularism, Understanding Laws.
Fundamental Rights Fundamental Duties;
Civilizing the “Native” Educating the nation- How the British saw Education? – What happened to the local schools?- the agenda for a National Education, How Important are Dates, How do we periodise, What is Colonial?,- From Trade to Territory-The Company establishes Power, East India Company, Battle of Plassey, Tippu Sultan, The Doctrine of Lapse, Setting up a new administration – Ruling the countryside – Diwani system, Munro system, Demand for Indian Indigo, The Blue Rebellion and after – Tribals, Dikus and the vision of Golden age-How did Tribal groups live?, How did colonial rule effect Tribal lives?, Forest Laws and their impact- Birsa Munda.
Indian Freedom struggle, When people Rebel 1857 and after- Policies and the people, Through the Eyes of the people, A Mutiny becomes a popular Rebellion, the company fights back, The making of the National Movement: 1870’s to 1947- The emergence of nationalism, The growth of mass nationalism, The March to Dandi, Quit India and later.
The rise of nationalism in Europe. The French revolution and the making of Germany and Italy.
The making of global world The pre modern world, silk routs link the world, The 19th century (1815 to 1914) A world economy take shapes. Role of technology later 19th century colonialism, The cattle plague. The interior war economy. The grate depression and India and the grate depression. Rebuilding a world economy.
The age of industrialization – Before the industrial revolution, The pace of industrial change, The age of Indian textiles etc.
The print culture and modern world.
4. SOCIAL ORGANISATION AND INEQUITIES
Towards Equality- Diversity, Discrimination, prejudice, stereo type, Types of Discrimination Inequality, Steps towards equality – Constitutional provisions, Remedial measures for abolishing inequality, Will Discrimination and inequalities stop people from achieving their goal.
Women Change the World, Women’s movement, Inspirational Women- Women, Caste and Reforms- Working towards change: Changing the lives of Widows, Girls begin going to School, Women write about women, Caste and social reform: Gulamgiri who could enter, The Non Brahman Movement.
Understanding Marginalization – Adivasis and Development, Minorities and Marginalization- Confronting Marginalization- Invoking Fundamental Rights-Laws for the Marginalized, Protecting the rights of the Dalits and Adivasis, Adivasis Demands and the 1989 Act.
Power sharing – Belgium and Srilanka majoritarianism in Srilanka, accomidation in Belgium, Forms of power sharing etc.
Federalism
Political parties
Outcomes of democracy
5. RELIGION AND SOCIETY
Religions – Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam and Sikhism, Unity in Diversity; Bhakthi and Sufi Movements
Gender, religion and caste
6. CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION
Together with everyone communication, Postal services, mobiles, E-mail, Mass communication, Newspaper, Radio, TV, Social Media.
Let us Visit-Historical and Tourist places in AP; Early Civilizations- Indus Valley civilization, vedic period, vedic literature; Indian Culture, Languages.
Methodology (3 Marks)
Histroy, Nature and Definitions of Social
Aims, values and instructional objectives of teaching Social
Methods of Teaching & Remedial measures in Social
Instructional Material, TLM and Resource Utilization in Social
Curriculum, Text Book & Instructional Planning.
Assessment – Evaluation and Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation, Assessment analysis feedback
